Medical Writers News Hubb
Advertisement Banner
  • Home
  • News
  • Papers
  • Contact
No Result
View All Result
  • Home
  • News
  • Papers
  • Contact
No Result
View All Result
Wellnessnewshubb
No Result
View All Result
Home News

Better understanding of DNA repair mechanism may pave the way for effective cancer treatments

admin by admin
December 9, 2022
in News



Better understanding of the mechanisms involved in DNA repair may pave the way for developing inhibitors to improve the effectiveness of radiation therapy.

Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is a critical DNA repair pathway that plays a key role in maintaining transcription and genome integrity by removing bulky DNA lesions.

The key steps in the NER reaction include damage recognition, strand separation by the molecular motor TFIIH and excision of about 30 nucleotides by the nucleases XPG and XPF, which removes the damage and allows transcription to proceed without DNA damage signaling occurring. But how these steps are coordinated and regulated is not well understood.

Now, a significant advance in showing how the NER mechanism is controlled at the molecular level has been identified in a study by an international team led by researchers at KAUST and the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center.

The work is potentially significant for cancer treatment, Ph.D. student and the study’s lead author Amer Bralić explains.

“During radiation therapy, cancer cells are blasted with radiation to shrink tumors. In this situation, however, NER works against the treatment, trying to repair the damage and preventing cell death, which significantly reduces the effectiveness of the treatment.”

For many years, researchers have sought a biologically safe NER inhibitor that could be given to cancer patients to increase the effectiveness of radiation treatment. However, a significant obstacle in designing inhibitors is the lack of basic knowledge about the NER mechanism. Samir Hamdan’s group at KAUST are experts in single-molecule analysis of human DNA replication and repair and have used this technique to reveal how 30 proteins mediate NER.

They have uncovered how TFIIH uses XPG to stimulate its motor activity to locate damaged DNA. In turn, once TFIIH locates the damage, it licenses the XPG nuclease activity to excise it. This significant discovery was selected as a “breakthrough article” by the journal Nucleic Acids Research. “The finding unravels a fundamental control mechanism in NER and argues for tackling the interaction between TFIIH and XPG as an effective drug target,” says Hamdan.

A complex mutation landscape in NER proteins mediates more than 10 clinical diseases, where mutations in one protein may cause different diseases and different combinations of proteins may cause one disease.

Our mechanistic findings provide new perspectives on linking molecular level information to disease states.”

Amer Bralić, Study’s Lead Author

“Through the KAUST Smart Health Initiative, we will work with clinicians in the Kingdom to study the clinical mutational landscape of NER proteins in patients,” concludes Hamdan.

Source:

KAUST – King Abdullah University of Science and Technology

Journal reference:

Bralić, A., et al. (2022) A scanning-to-incision switch in TFIIH-XPG induced by DNA damage licenses nucleotide excision repair. Nucleic Acids Research. doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkac1095.



Source link

Tags: CancerDNAGenomeNucleotideRadiation TherapyTranscription
Previous Post

How Medtronic and Avail will accelerate stroke care innovation

Next Post

7 imaging data management strategies for medtech innovation

Next Post

7 imaging data management strategies for medtech innovation

Recommended

High coffee intake associated with cardiovascular disease mortality in hypertensive individuals

6 months ago

Women who have quality relationships less likely to develop multiple chronic conditions in older age

4 months ago

UCSD researchers develop wearable ultrasound device

4 months ago

How Do Biotech Writers Benefit Biotech Companies?

10 months ago

Digital health startups you need to watch

3 weeks ago

How surgical robotics safety systems prevent patient harm

3 months ago
Medical-Writers-(-white-)

© Medical Writers News Hubb All rights reserved.

Use of these names, logos, and brands does not imply endorsement unless specified. By using this site, you agree to the Privacy Policy and Terms & Conditions.

Navigate Site

  • Home
  • News
  • Papers
  • Contact

Newsletter Sign Up.

No Result
View All Result
  • Home
  • News
  • Papers
  • Contact

© 2022 Medical Writers News Hubb All rights reserved.